It's getting hot: prevent heat-related illness Published May 6, 2008 By Airman Morgan Rutherford 305th Services Squadron fitness and sports specialist MCGUIRE AIR FORCE BASE, N.J. -- The warm weather months are quickly approaching. While we strive to maintain our fitness goals, we should also strive to stay safe while doing so. This applies particularly to the months when the weather is prime for outdoor activity. While exercising outdoors, we should all be aware of the three types of heat-related injuries and how to avoid them. The first and most common heat-related injury is heat cramps. Heat cramps are painful spasms in the skeletal muscles and are considered the mildest of the three. To render first aid, apply firm pressure on cramping muscles with warm wet towels. Rehydrating with cold electrolyte drinks (sports drinks) may also help. The second most common heat-related injury is heat exhaustion. Symptoms of heat exhaustion consist of profuse sweating, weakness, dizziness, elevated body temperature and nausea. To apply first aid, move to a cooler environment to avoid further dehydration through sweat loss. Supply cold electrolyte drinks and seek medical attention. The third and final type of heat related injury is heat stroke, which is the most severe. Symptoms to look for are increased body temperature. Central nervous system impairment may also occur in the form of confusion, amnesia, loss of balance, incoherent speech, etc. First aid should be given immediately. Move the victim to a cooler environment; reduce body temperature as quickly as possible with ice cold water and ice packs. Monitor pulse and respiration and administer CPR if needed. Call 9-1-1 as soon as possible. Heat stroke is a life and death situation. As we move into warm weather activities, being aware of possible injuries and how to deal with them will help everyone prevent illness and maintain our goal of being a fit to fight Air Force.